BEDDING — Inside the Home

Sham Standard

Disney TANGLED Rapunzel Reversible PILLOWCASE Pillow Sham Standard Size
Disney TANGLED Rapunzel Reversible PILLOWCASE Pillow Sham Standard Size
$9.95
Time Remaining: 21d 5h 39m
Buy It Now for only: $9.95

Martha Stewart Diamond Square Standard Sham Black White
Martha Stewart Diamond Square Standard Sham Black White
$6.99
Time Remaining: 1h 2m

2 NAUTICA Standard QUILTED Shams BLUE LAKE PLAID Navy Red
2 NAUTICA Standard QUILTED Shams BLUE LAKE PLAID Navy Red
$28.00
Time Remaining: 1h 29m
Buy It Now for only: $32.00

Carole Little Kenji Veneto Standard Pillow Sham 1 Pink Orange Teal Sunburst
Carole Little Kenji Veneto Standard Pillow Sham 1 Pink Orange Teal Sunburst
$42.00
Time Remaining: 28d 23h 23m
Buy It Now for only: $42.00

2 NAUTICA Standard Shams CLEARWATER GRAY Silver
2 NAUTICA Standard Shams CLEARWATER GRAY Silver
$22.00
Time Remaining: 1h 29m
Buy It Now for only: $26.00

Brand New Pillow Insert Forms Soft Polyester Fill
Brand New Pillow Insert Forms Soft Polyester Fill
$15.43
Time Remaining: 8d 3h 2m
Buy It Now for only: $15.43

2 AMY BUTLER Standard Shams CARACAS Floral Pink Red Orange
2 AMY BUTLER Standard Shams CARACAS Floral Pink Red Orange
$34.00
Time Remaining: 1h 29m
Buy It Now for only: $38.00

SET OF 2 NAUTICA NAVY CORDUROY STANDARD SHAMS VERY NICE
SET OF 2 NAUTICA NAVY CORDUROY STANDARD SHAMS VERY NICE
$17.99
Time Remaining: 1h 49m

Tommy Hilfiger Wellesley Standard Shams 1 Pair NWOP Red White Blue Floral
Tommy Hilfiger Wellesley Standard Shams 1 Pair NWOP Red White Blue Floral
$19.99
Time Remaining: 28d 21h 35m
Buy It Now for only: $19.99

Pottery Barn Lyndsay Paisley Duvet Full Queen  Three Standard Shams NIP
Pottery Barn Lyndsay Paisley Duvet Full Queen Three Standard Shams NIP
$122.50 (6 Bids)
Time Remaining: 2h 4m

Ralph Lauren Blue Label Allison Floral Ruffled Standard Shams Pristine
Ralph Lauren Blue Label Allison Floral Ruffled Standard Shams Pristine
$39.99
Time Remaining: 29d 4h 8m
Buy It Now for only: $39.99

Two Crocheted Ecru Standard Size Pillow Shams Battenberg 26 x 16
Two Crocheted Ecru Standard Size Pillow Shams Battenberg 26 x 16
$9.99
Time Remaining: 2h 7m

NEW NAUTICA Top Sail Standard Pillow Sham Nautical Decorative Pillow NWT
NEW NAUTICA Top Sail Standard Pillow Sham Nautical Decorative Pillow NWT
$11.75
Time Remaining: 2h 8m
Buy It Now for only: $12.99

Hotel Collection Salon Wisteria Scallop Standard Coverlet Sham NEW
Hotel Collection Salon Wisteria Scallop Standard Coverlet Sham NEW
$18.40
Time Remaining: 29d 6h 11m
Buy It Now for only: $18.40

Hot Pink Purple Hippie Pillow Shams Set of 2 Standard Pillowcase Pillowshams
Hot Pink Purple Hippie Pillow Shams Set of 2 Standard Pillowcase Pillowshams
$5.99
Time Remaining: 2h 38m
Buy It Now for only: $6.99

NAUTICA OCEAN RIDGE STANDARD PILLOW SHAM NIP
NAUTICA OCEAN RIDGE STANDARD PILLOW SHAM NIP
$14.99
Time Remaining: 27d 22h 36m
Buy It Now for only: $14.99

Styleco Dream Catcher Reversible 250T Cotton Standard Shams NEW
Styleco Dream Catcher Reversible 250T Cotton Standard Shams NEW
$19.99
Time Remaining: 3h 42m

Calvin Klein Poppy 300T Standard Sham Poppy Print NEW
Calvin Klein Poppy 300T Standard Sham Poppy Print NEW
$39.99
Time Remaining: 4h 2m

Springmaid GARDEN FESTIVAL Pillow Sham standard
Springmaid GARDEN FESTIVAL Pillow Sham standard
$19.99
Time Remaining: 16d 23h 38m
Buy It Now for only: $19.99

Two Embroidered and NEW pillow shams Standard size
Two Embroidered and NEW pillow shams Standard size
$20.95
Time Remaining: 4h 12m
Buy It Now for only: $23.95

Standard White Sham w Lace Inset and Lace Trim Border
Standard White Sham w Lace Inset and Lace Trim Border
$26.99
Time Remaining: 29d 6h 47m
Buy It Now for only: $26.99

Country French Paisley Reversible Pillow Sham Standard
Country French Paisley Reversible Pillow Sham Standard
$18.99
Time Remaining: 4h 13m

Country French Paisley Reversible Pillow Sham Standard
Country French Paisley Reversible Pillow Sham Standard
$18.99
Time Remaining: 4h 15m

NEW POTTERY BARN KIDS PENELOPE BIRD FULL QUEEN QUILT  2 STANDARD SHAMS
NEW POTTERY BARN KIDS PENELOPE BIRD FULL QUEEN QUILT 2 STANDARD SHAMS
$174.95
Time Remaining: 29d 20h 17m
Buy It Now for only: $174.95

Lifestyles Retro Lodge Standard Pillow Sham NIP  Browns
Lifestyles Retro Lodge Standard Pillow Sham NIP Browns
$5.99
Time Remaining: 4h 21m

DISNEY TOY STORY Twin Full Queen QUILT SHAM VALANCE PILLOW WOODY BUZZ
DISNEY TOY STORY Twin Full Queen QUILT SHAM VALANCE PILLOW WOODY BUZZ
$31.50
Time Remaining: 7d 23h 54m
Buy It Now for only: $31.50

PEM America Rosette Floral Standard Sham NEW
PEM America Rosette Floral Standard Sham NEW
$9.99
Time Remaining: 4h 22m

Tommy Hilfiger Cotton Classics Standard Sham Blue NEW
Tommy Hilfiger Cotton Classics Standard Sham Blue NEW
$6.99 (1 Bid)
Time Remaining: 4h 22m

HOTEL PURE WHITE MATELASSE STANDARD QUILT QUILTED PILLOW SHAM  100 COTTON
HOTEL PURE WHITE MATELASSE STANDARD QUILT QUILTED PILLOW SHAM 100 COTTON
$19.00
Time Remaining: 3d 5h 50m
Buy It Now for only: $19.00

StyleCo Haggan 2 Standard Shams Teal Brown Print NEW
StyleCo Haggan 2 Standard Shams Teal Brown Print NEW
$19.99
Time Remaining: 4h 22m

Ralph Lauren Spa DESERT RETREAT LEOPARD Pillow Sham Standard Sham
Ralph Lauren Spa DESERT RETREAT LEOPARD Pillow Sham Standard Sham
$37.50
Time Remaining: 29d 17h 46m
Buy It Now for only: $37.50

NEW Tommy Hilfiger Twin Comforter Set Bedding NWT Standard Pillow Sham Floral
NEW Tommy Hilfiger Twin Comforter Set Bedding NWT Standard Pillow Sham Floral
$49.99
Time Remaining: 4h 45m
Buy It Now for only: $89.99

Tommy Hilfiger Annapolis Standard Pillow Sham NEW
Tommy Hilfiger Annapolis Standard Pillow Sham NEW
$4.99
Time Remaining: 5h 2m

Laura Ashley Celtic Paisley Quilted Sham Standard King
Laura Ashley Celtic Paisley Quilted Sham Standard King
$9.99
Time Remaining: 11d 17h 49m
Buy It Now for only: $9.99

Full Queen Company Store Daisy Fields Quilt with Standard Shams Euro  Throw
Full Queen Company Store Daisy Fields Quilt with Standard Shams Euro Throw
$36.50 (11 Bids)
Time Remaining: 5h 16m

Martha Stewart Dorset Flowers Standard Quilted Pillow Sham
Martha Stewart Dorset Flowers Standard Quilted Pillow Sham
$18.00
Time Remaining: 29d 21h 42m
Buy It Now for only: $18.00

NWT 2 JCPenney home collection sweet briar standard shams rose floral pink green
NWT 2 JCPenney home collection sweet briar standard shams rose floral pink green
$5.00
Time Remaining: 5h 33m

Ralph Lauren Jacquard Standard Sham Lot
Ralph Lauren Jacquard Standard Sham Lot
$75.00
Time Remaining: 6h 5m
Buy It Now for only: $85.00

Thomas Engine and Friends Pillow Case Sham standard cotton rich new
Thomas Engine and Friends Pillow Case Sham standard cotton rich new
$4.99
Time Remaining: 28d 20h 40m
Buy It Now for only: $4.99

SIMPLY SHABBY CHIC QUILTED STANDARD PILLOW SHAMS LITTLE BLUE ROSES EUC
SIMPLY SHABBY CHIC QUILTED STANDARD PILLOW SHAMS LITTLE BLUE ROSES EUC
$19.99
Time Remaining: 7h 2m

Lot of 2 Waverly Garden Room Vintage Norfolk Red Rose Floral Standard Sz Shams
Lot of 2 Waverly Garden Room Vintage Norfolk Red Rose Floral Standard Sz Shams
$29.95
Time Remaining: 29d 18h 56m
Buy It Now for only: $29.95

Pottery Barn King Duvet 3 Standard Shams Blue with Red Yellow Flowers
Pottery Barn King Duvet 3 Standard Shams Blue with Red Yellow Flowers
$66.00 (19 Bids)
Time Remaining: 7h 19m

MARTHA STEWART Log Cabin FULL QUEEN Quilt  STANDARD Shams Set
MARTHA STEWART Log Cabin FULL QUEEN Quilt STANDARD Shams Set
$37.00 (3 Bids)
Time Remaining: 7h 34m

Simply Vera Vera Wang City Night Pillow Sham Standard nwot gray one sham
Simply Vera Vera Wang City Night Pillow Sham Standard nwot gray one sham
$18.99
Time Remaining: 29d 8h 37m
Buy It Now for only: $18.99

MARTHA STEWART Log Cabin TWIN Quilt  STANDARD Sham Set
MARTHA STEWART Log Cabin TWIN Quilt STANDARD Sham Set
$23.38 (7 Bids)
Time Remaining: 7h 37m

New Luxe Habitat Striped Quilted Sham Standard Coastal Nautical Seaside Beach
New Luxe Habitat Striped Quilted Sham Standard Coastal Nautical Seaside Beach
$17.99
Time Remaining: 21d 19h 16m
Buy It Now for only: $17.99

Styleco Quill Fallen Leaves 250T 1 Quilted Standard Sham White NEW
Styleco Quill Fallen Leaves 250T 1 Quilted Standard Sham White NEW
$14.99
Time Remaining: 7h 42m

Ralph Lauren Rhys Stripe Standard Sham Gray Yellow Red Orange NEW
Ralph Lauren Rhys Stripe Standard Sham Gray Yellow Red Orange NEW
$19.99
Time Remaining: 7h 42m

Hotel Collection Standard Deco Quilted Platinum Sham
Hotel Collection Standard Deco Quilted Platinum Sham
$21.60
Time Remaining: 19d 18h 32m
Buy It Now for only: $21.60

NEW Salon by Hotel Wisteria 2 Standard Sham 180 MSRP
NEW Salon by Hotel Wisteria 2 Standard Sham 180 MSRP
$9.99 (1 Bid)
Time Remaining: 7h 59m

HOTEL COLLECTION PILLOW SHAM STANDARD
HOTEL COLLECTION PILLOW SHAM STANDARD
$15.00
Time Remaining: 25d 22h 40m
Buy It Now for only: $15.00

StyleCo Get Set Haggen Reversible 1 Standard Sham NEW
StyleCo Get Set Haggen Reversible 1 Standard Sham NEW
$7.99
Time Remaining: 8h 2m

Brand New King size Millie Quilt with two standard Millie Shams
Brand New King size Millie Quilt with two standard Millie Shams
$150.00
Time Remaining: 8h 15m
Buy It Now for only: $215.00

NEW MY LITTLE PONY STANDARD PILLOW SHAM I Love
NEW MY LITTLE PONY STANDARD PILLOW SHAM I Love
$6.99
Time Remaining: 29d 6h 43m
Buy It Now for only: $6.99

Martha Stewart Trousseau Bouquet Quilted Standard Sham Bouquet Quilted Blue
Martha Stewart Trousseau Bouquet Quilted Standard Sham Bouquet Quilted Blue
$29.99
Time Remaining: 8h 22m

3P Pottery Barn Kids JULIANNE Duvet STANDARD Shams FULL QUEEN
3P Pottery Barn Kids JULIANNE Duvet STANDARD Shams FULL QUEEN
$64.95
Time Remaining: 15d 24m
Buy It Now for only: $64.95

Ralph Lauren YORKSHIRE ROSE STANDARD CREAM LINEN SHAMS NWT
Ralph Lauren YORKSHIRE ROSE STANDARD CREAM LINEN SHAMS NWT
$46.99 (1 Bid)
Time Remaining: 9h 14m

BIG SALE Wonderful Queen Size Quilt + 2 Standard Shams Reversible
BIG SALE Wonderful Queen Size Quilt + 2 Standard Shams Reversible
$50.00
Time Remaining: 9h 47m
Buy It Now for only: $65.00

Waterford Linens Morgan Collection Standard Pillow Sham Red Gold
Waterford Linens Morgan Collection Standard Pillow Sham Red Gold
$25.19
Time Remaining: 29d 17h 59m
Buy It Now for only: $25.19

Ralph Lauren METROPOLITAN PLACE HOUNDSOOTH STANDARDSHAMS 2
Ralph Lauren METROPOLITAN PLACE HOUNDSOOTH STANDARDSHAMS 2
$29.99
Time Remaining: 10h 52m
Buy It Now for only: $44.99

Circo Pretty Horses Pillow Sham New Horses Pink Bow Trim Standard Polyester
Circo Pretty Horses Pillow Sham New Horses Pink Bow Trim Standard Polyester
$18.00
Time Remaining: 28d 20h 53m
Buy It Now for only: $18.00

New Pottery Barn White Hadley Ruched Standard Shams Set of 2
New Pottery Barn White Hadley Ruched Standard Shams Set of 2
$69.99
Time Remaining: 12h 21m
Buy It Now for only: $77.00

Hotel Collection Cubist Chocolate Brown Standard Sham
Hotel Collection Cubist Chocolate Brown Standard Sham
$34.99
Time Remaining: 18h 37m

Tommy Hilfiger Oxford Cotton Sham 26 x 20 Standard Sham White Blue New
Tommy Hilfiger Oxford Cotton Sham 26 x 20 Standard Sham White Blue New
$14.99
Time Remaining: 27d 1m
Buy It Now for only: $14.99

2 AMY BUTLER Standard Shams DANCING PAISLEY GARDEN Green Blue
2 AMY BUTLER Standard Shams DANCING PAISLEY GARDEN Green Blue
$24.99
Time Remaining: 18h 50m
Buy It Now for only: $29.99

EILEEN FISHER NWT WASHED STANDARD PILLOW SHAM NECTARINE
EILEEN FISHER NWT WASHED STANDARD PILLOW SHAM NECTARINE
$22.00
Time Remaining: 15h 39m
Buy It Now for only: $22.00

Styleco Sea Reeds 210T Reversible 1 Standard Sham
Styleco Sea Reeds 210T Reversible 1 Standard Sham
$7.99
Time Remaining: 19h 2m

Laura Ashley Josephine Pillow Shams Set of 2 Standard Vintage Good Used Cond
Laura Ashley Josephine Pillow Shams Set of 2 Standard Vintage Good Used Cond
$19.99
Time Remaining: 19h 16m

New 2 Standard Size Ruffled Pillow Shams Various Colors
New 2 Standard Size Ruffled Pillow Shams Various Colors
$7.39
Time Remaining: 19d 9h 58m
Buy It Now for only: $7.39

StyleCo Get Set Mia Reversible 1 Standard Sham  1 Euro Sham NEW
StyleCo Get Set Mia Reversible 1 Standard Sham 1 Euro Sham NEW
$9.99 (1 Bid)
Time Remaining: 19h 42m

NIP Pottery Barn Kids Primary KASEY Quilted Pillow Sham STANDARD
NIP Pottery Barn Kids Primary KASEY Quilted Pillow Sham STANDARD
$19.95
Time Remaining: 27d 2h 10m
Buy It Now for only: $19.95

Tommy Hilfiger American Classics Pink Standard Pillow Sham NEW
Tommy Hilfiger American Classics Pink Standard Pillow Sham NEW
$9.99
Time Remaining: 19h 42m

Pottery Barn Teen DOTTIE DUVET COVER TWIN  STANDARD SHAM PERIWINKLE
Pottery Barn Teen DOTTIE DUVET COVER TWIN STANDARD SHAM PERIWINKLE
$89.99
Time Remaining: 19h 47m

County Cottage Style patterned Pillow Sham Standard
County Cottage Style patterned Pillow Sham Standard
$3.00
Time Remaining: 21d 2m
Buy It Now for only: $3.00

Pottery Barn Vanessa Red Queen Duvet 2 standard shams and 2 euro shams
Pottery Barn Vanessa Red Queen Duvet 2 standard shams and 2 euro shams
$75.00 (1 Bid)
Time Remaining: 19h 47m

Matouk Seagrass Nile Standard Pillow Sham
Matouk Seagrass Nile Standard Pillow Sham
$29.99
Time Remaining: 28d 2h 49m
Buy It Now for only: $29.99

Ralph Lauren River Floral Rose Two Standard Shams NEW
Ralph Lauren River Floral Rose Two Standard Shams NEW
$29.99
Time Remaining: 20h 50m
Buy It Now for only: $35.00

Ralph Lauren COLD SPRING Black Denim Standard Sham NEW
Ralph Lauren COLD SPRING Black Denim Standard Sham NEW
$24.99
Time Remaining: 20h 52m
Buy It Now for only: $30.00

Nautica Brayton Point Pillow Sham Standard 20 x 26 New Black  Tan New
Nautica Brayton Point Pillow Sham Standard 20 x 26 New Black Tan New
$14.99
Time Remaining: 27d 19h 8m
Buy It Now for only: $14.99

Styleco Honeybell 250T Reversible 2 Standard Shams Embroidered NEW
Styleco Honeybell 250T Reversible 2 Standard Shams Embroidered NEW
$29.99
Time Remaining: 20h 55m

Fieldcrest Charcoal Paisley Pillow Sham Standard or King 100 Supima Cotton
Fieldcrest Charcoal Paisley Pillow Sham Standard or King 100 Supima Cotton
$12.74
Time Remaining: 12d 27m
Buy It Now for only: $12.74

New Tommy Bahama Hula Island Indigo Sham Pillow Standard Blue White Hawaii 2 Two
New Tommy Bahama Hula Island Indigo Sham Pillow Standard Blue White Hawaii 2 Two
$9.99
Time Remaining: 20h 56m
Buy It Now for only: $20.99

StyleCo Ginkgo 1 Quilted Standard Sham Purple NEW
StyleCo Ginkgo 1 Quilted Standard Sham Purple NEW
$9.99
Time Remaining: 21h 14m

2 New Ralph Lauren Black Linen Standard Pillow Shams
2 New Ralph Lauren Black Linen Standard Pillow Shams
$39.99
Time Remaining: 29d 9h 33m
Buy It Now for only: $39.99

PEM America Melinda Sue Standard Sham NEW
PEM America Melinda Sue Standard Sham NEW
$7.99
Time Remaining: 21h 32m

NATURAL TAN HERITAGE MATELASSE QUILTED STANDARD PILLOW SHAM
NATURAL TAN HERITAGE MATELASSE QUILTED STANDARD PILLOW SHAM
$16.00
Time Remaining: 4d 23h 57m
Buy It Now for only: $16.00

Ralph Lauren Rutherford Park Jacquard Standard Sham NEW
Ralph Lauren Rutherford Park Jacquard Standard Sham NEW
$32.99
Time Remaining: 21h 32m

POTTERY BARN PILLOW SHAM Standard size with tie Light Green
POTTERY BARN PILLOW SHAM Standard size with tie Light Green
$6.99
Time Remaining: 21h 52m

Orange Tangerine Standard Size Pillow Cover Sham NEW
Orange Tangerine Standard Size Pillow Cover Sham NEW
$8.99
Time Remaining: 12d 2h 7m
Buy It Now for only: $8.99

POTTERY BARN Chenille Duvet Cover and Standard Shams
POTTERY BARN Chenille Duvet Cover and Standard Shams
$50.00
Time Remaining: 22h 6m
Buy It Now for only: $60.00

Pottery Barn Teen Ditsy Dot Ruched Sham Standard Black New Free Shipping
Pottery Barn Teen Ditsy Dot Ruched Sham Standard Black New Free Shipping
$29.00
Time Remaining: 16d 23h 48m
Buy It Now for only: $29.00

2 HUDSON PARK COLLECTION 800 TC STANDARD PILLOW SHAMS
2 HUDSON PARK COLLECTION 800 TC STANDARD PILLOW SHAMS
$27.00
Time Remaining: 22h 20m

Styleco Pastiche 200T One Standard Sham Pastiche Print
Styleco Pastiche 200T One Standard Sham Pastiche Print
$9.99
Time Remaining: 22h 32m

NEW 2 Natural Cotton Chenille Standard Shams Unbleached
NEW 2 Natural Cotton Chenille Standard Shams Unbleached
$59.00
Time Remaining: 26d 2h 58m
Buy It Now for only: $59.00

Laura Ashley Quartet Fabric Pillow Shams Set of 2 Standard Vintage GUC
Laura Ashley Quartet Fabric Pillow Shams Set of 2 Standard Vintage GUC
$24.99
Time Remaining: 22h 40m

NEW Waterford Kiana Standard Sham
NEW Waterford Kiana Standard Sham
$35.99
Time Remaining: 27d 36m
Buy It Now for only: $35.99

Styleco Willow 250T Reversible 1 Standard Sham Embroidered NEW
Styleco Willow 250T Reversible 1 Standard Sham Embroidered NEW
$9.99
Time Remaining: 23h 12m

Burgundy  Toupe Copper Standard Pillow Shams 1 pair
Burgundy Toupe Copper Standard Pillow Shams 1 pair
$6.99
Time Remaining: 23h 38m

new Pottery Barn Magnolia set 1 standard sham MAGNOLIA floral green
new Pottery Barn Magnolia set 1 standard sham MAGNOLIA floral green
$21.99
Time Remaining: 29d 6h 43m
Buy It Now for only: $21.99

Ralph Lauren New Bohemian Quilted STANDARD Pillow Sham
Ralph Lauren New Bohemian Quilted STANDARD Pillow Sham
$55.00
Time Remaining: 23h 42m

Sham Standard
Sham Standard

Sham Marriages and Fiancee Visas in the 7th Circuit

            Section 291 of the Immigration and Naturalization Act ("INA") places the burden of proving visa entitlement solely on the applicant.  The applicant must submit evidence to the satisfaction of the consular officer otherwise face denial of their application.  If denied, the applicant must establish to the satisfaction of the Attorney General that he is not inadmissible to receive a visa or other document.  In the immigration context, such as spousal petitions or K visas, the applicant must establish the marriage was entered with "bona fide" intent.  Lutwak v. United States (1953).  According to the Supreme Court in Lutwak, a marriage is "bona fide" for immigration purposes if it falls within "the common understanding of a marriage," where the "two parties have undertaken to establish a life together and assume certain duties and obligations."  Id.; see also United States v. Lozano (7thCir. 1975). 

            The intent of the parties is therefore the pivotal question and USCIS may subjectively scrutinize the marriage, such as assessing the credibility of the parties, the parties' conduct before and after the marriage, and the circumstances surrounding their marriage.  The USCIS officer may therefore find the marriage is fraudulent based on subjective evidence and do not need to base their decision solely on objective evidence, such as payment of money to the US citizen spouse.  If the USCIS officer finds no bona fide intent, the applicant has the burden of rebutting that conclusion.  Applicants may proffer evidence showing bona fide intent; such as evidence of courtship, their wedding ceremony, or any other common experiences.

II. 7th Circuit and the Fraudulent Marriage Misrepresentation Bar

            If USCIS finds no bona fide intent to marry, the applicant may be found inadmissible and removable under Section 212(a)(6)(C)(i), claiming that the marriage was a misrepresentation.  In the 7th Circuit however, the marriage is not a misrepresentation if it was legal under state law: "the meaning of the parties' representation that they were 'married' must be the meaning intended by the parties; that it is as reasonable to suppose they made it with the state law in mind …for the purpose of the immigration law; and therefore there was a failure of proof of falsity."  Lozano.  In the 7thCircuit therefore, an applicant may not be barred or removed under misrepresentation of a marriage if the marriage was in fact legal under state law.  This does not mean however that a marriage under state law satisfies the Lutwak standard of marriage, but simply states an applicant is not making a misrepresentation if the marriage is valid under state law.

 III. Due Process Claims

             An alien is afforded due process during removal proceedings and an immigration court's decision may be reversed on due process grounds if: "(1) the proceeding was so fundamentally unfair that the alien was prevented from reasonably presenting his case, and (2) the alien demonstrates prejudice, which means that the outcome of the proceeding may have been affected by the alleged violation."  Ibarra-Flores v. Gonzales (9th Cir. 2006).  Due process may not be available however if the alien is in the "investigative stages of immigration proceedings."  Matter of Montero (BIA 1973).  In Matter of Montero, an immigration inspector did not advise the respondent of a right to counsel to which the respondent raised a due process claim.  Id.  The BIA concluded that due process is given to individuals in custody and that the respondent was not in custody at that time.  Id.  If the alien is not in USCIS custody therefore, they may not be afforded full due process rights.  Whether an USCIS interview is an "investigative stage" or "custody" has not squarely been addressed but may be a potential roadblock to claiming a due process violation.

            Regardless of this distinction, to "warrant a new immigration hearing on a due process claim, 'an alien must establish that she was prejudiced, that is, that the error likely affected the result of the proceedings.'"  Bayo v. Napolitano (7th Cir. 2010).  Furthermore, a new hearing will only be granted after "the alien has exhausted all administrative remedies as of right."

About the Author

Shawn Hu is an Immigration & Immigration Defense attorney in Chicago. He helps people and businesses file visa applications, fight deportation proceedings, and everything in between.

Speak with an experienced Chicago Immigration attorney for a free consultation today.

Can we all agree that this Public Option, UHC is a total sham and always will be unless?

every single member of congress, the vice president, and yes the President are held to the same standard as We The People ?

And their family members!

I mean every single word of that 2000 page monstrosity they're trying to shove down our throats! Do we have a government By The People - For The People or do we have the same Royalty our founders fought to free us from?
How do you peons like this?

"The bitterness of this post" lol you don't even realize when you're being screwed. Since when is `a government by the people, for the people considered bitterness?
Yeah the libs love to make things complicated. This couldn't be more clear and straightforward.
Have you seen this? http://coloradopoliticalnews.blogspot.com/2009/11/coffman-introduces-amendment-to-put.html

it's been a sham since the beginning, the very people and corps the left has been slamming seemed to have wound up with payoffs or special treatment....but even more more amusing is the responses from the left here on Y!A talk about how we need reform while they annoyingly allow their elected officials to do the things they complain about....the true sham is them and their entitlement mentality not to mention their over the top hypocrisy !!!!

1 Sham 69 @ The Standard 17/02/2011

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